Industrial Revolution time interval correct ans- 1760-1850 Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? correct ans- Great Britain Industrial Revolution correct ans- Period of burst of major investigation and economic expansion in certain industries 1760-1850 (term coined in 1830s) What made some places more "inventive" than others? correct ans- 1. Life expectancy -- live longer, more time to invent 2. Labor scarcity -- necessity is the mother of invention 3. Patent laws -- can't make profit off your invention without paying you (wouldn't invent if just got ripped off) 4. Education system -- more educated, better at inventing Individualism 5. Scientific outlook and tolerance for different ideas 6. Contact with other societies -- more diverse ideas exposed to, more likely to invent Why Britain first? correct ans- 1. Unique set of possibilities and constraints 2. Sci Rev + Enlightenment → more weight put on research and experimentation for understanding natural world 3. Intellectual culture -- embraced public sharing of knowledge 4. 17th century rural industry expansion → English woolen cloth surplus 5. Atlantic economy and trade with India and China also benefiting Britain by 18th century 6. Strong agricultural game 7. High wages, abundant food 8. Rich natural resources, well-developed infrastructure 9. High taxes → navy (strongest in the world) protecting imperial commerce and army to stop worker uprisings 10. High tariffs on imported goods → industries protected 11. Political stability 12. Stable banking system 13. Stable legal system (patents enforced) Britain's unique set of possibilities and constraints correct ans- -Abundant coal -High wages -Peaceful, centralized government -Well-developed financial systems -Powerful in empire & global trade (slavery included) Mercantilism in British colonies, power in Latin America, and the transatlantic slave trade led to what? correct ans- Abundance of raw materials (ex. cotton) and growing market for British manufactured goods Britain's strong agriculture correct ans- Continually adopting new methods of farming → increased farming efficiency → more food, smaller workforce How did high wages and abundant food help begin the Industrial Revolution in Britain? correct ans- 1. Average family did not need to spend everything just on food -- more buying of manufactured goods 2. Can pay to send kids to school → British more educated than rest of Europe Britain's geographical convienience correct ans- -Cheaper to ship goods by water than land -- no part of England further than 50 miles from navigable water +1770s canal-building boom to made this an even greater advantage -Abundance of coal, high wages in manufacturing