Chapter_01_The_Cell__A_Microcosm_of_Life Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Most of the metabolic energy produced in cells is made in the mitochondria. a. True b. False 2. An increase in the concentration of a substrate will increase the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. a. True b. False 3. Polysomes function to transcribe mRNA into proteins. a. True b. False 4. If two enzymes (e.g., pyruvate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase) compete for the same substrate (pyruvate), the one with the higher Km has less affinity and will be more active when pyruvate concentrations are high. a. True b. False 5. Transcription of DNA cannot be altered. a. True b. False 6. The nuclear envelope is a single membrane structure that helps to isolate the nucleus from the rest of the cell. a. True b. False 7. The lipid bilayer determines the function of the plasma membrane, while the proteins are primarily responsible for the structure of the membrane. a. True b. False 8. When discussing enzyme kinetics, Km refers to the substrate concentration at which the enzyme is saturated and functioning at maximal velocity. a. True b. False 9. Peripheral proteins are involved in cell-cell recognition, whereas integral proteins function primarily as receptors/transporters. a. True b. False 10. The various components within a cell (e.g., mitochondria) are not “free-floating” in the cytosol, but rather, are held in place by the cytoskeleton. a. True b. False