1.Identify the parts of the neuron shown in the diagram below
a.
dendrite
b.
cell body
c.
nucleus
2.List the four parts of the human brain
The human brain is made up of the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and
cerebellum.
3.List and describe the 3 meninges of the human brain.
The leathery dura mater is the double-layered outer meninx.
The middle arachnoid meninx is a loose layer separated from the dura mater by the subdural
space.
4.The inner pia mater meninx is composed of connective tissue and is tightly attached to the brain.
5.Answer the following three questions:
a.What blood cell contains
hemoglobin?Red blood cells
b.The P wave represents
what? Atrial depolarization
(systole)Define Systole.
c.the heart is contracting and ejecting blood into
circulation
6.List 3 functions of the female reproductive system.
The female reproductive system has the following functions: eggs and estrogen production as
well as serving as the site for the development of a baby after fertilization of an egg occurs.
7.Name the three types of ligaments associated with the ovaries and the function of
each.
The ovaries are held in place by the suspensory, ovarian, and broad ligaments.
The suspensory ligaments attach the ovaries to the pelvis wall.
The ovarian ligaments attach the ovaries to the uterus.
The broad ligaments hold the ovaries in place in the pelvis.
8.Tell whether each of the following describes mitosis or meiosis:
Occurs only to produce new offspring
meiosis
Two division cycles
meiosis
No crossing-over occurs
mitosis
Four daughter cells are produced
meiosis
Produces cells which are not genetically identical to the parent
meiosis
Each tRNA anticodon codes for one type of :
C
a. protein
b. ribosome
c. amino acid
d. enzyme
9.Does transcription or translation occur primarily at the
ribosome?Translation
Which requires RNA polymerase, transcription or translation?
Transcription
Are amino acids bonded together during translation or transcription?
Translation
If a codon reads: GAC, what is the correct anticodon?
CUG
10.Describe the shape, size and weight of a human adult kidney.
The adult kidney is bean shaped, about the size of a can of soup and weighs about 5 ounces.
11.Describe the structure and function of the renal pelvis.
The renal pelvis is the centermost section of the kidney and is a funnel-shaped tube that connects
to the ureter.
Extensions of the pelvis called calyces collect urine which drains into the renal pelvis and then
into the ureter.
12.You are treating a patient in the hospital who was admitted with signs of orthostatic
hypotension(decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, lightheaded) secondary to having
severe diarrhea
and dehydration. Which of the following would you expect to be their GFR (glomerular filtration
rate) given their symptoms? Explain your answer.
a. 85 ml/min.
b. 120 ml/min.
c. 142 ml/min
d. 85 ml/min. Dehydration decreases glomerular filtration rate.
13.Explain, in detail, how the cardiovascular baroceptors work to maintain blood pressure.
The cardiovascular baroceptors monitor and regulate blood volume (which is influenced directly
by Na+ ion concentration) to maintain blood pressure. If blood volume (and consequently blood
pressure) rises, the baroceptors signal the kidney causing a dramatic increase in the filtration rate,
increasing the output of water and Na+ which reduces blood volume to quickly normalize the
pressure.
14.Explain, in detail, how the kidneys act to regulate pH by the excretion or
reabsorption ofbicarbonate.
The major kidney acid-base regulating process is by way of excreting or reabsorbing bicarbonate
ion. Examination of the equilibrium equation sequence below will demonstrate that loss of a
bicarbonate (HCO3-) ion from the body amounts to the gain of H+ since the reactions will shift
to the right.
Conversely, gain of a bicarbonate (HCO3-) ion amounts to the loss of H+ since the reactions will
shift to the right. Thus, renal excretion of bicarbonate results in retention of H+, while
reabsorbing bicarbonate will result in excretion of H+.
15.Which nervous system contains the sympathetic and parasympathetic
divisions?D
a. Central nervous system
b. Peripheral nervous system
c. Somatic nervous system
d. Autonomic nervous system
e. Sympathetic nervous system
f. Parasympathetic nervous system
16.If you were hiking in the woods and came across a mountain lion, which division of
yournervous system would have increased activity? Explain your answer.
The sympathetic nervous system would have increased activity as it is responsible for preparing
our bodies to respond to stressful situations.
This type of neuroglial cell allows fluid exchange between brain, spinal cord and cerebrospinal
fluid.
A
a. Ependymal cell
b. Oligodendrocyte
c. Astrocyte
d. Microglial cell
This type of neuron transmits impulses from the brain to the spinal cord.
F
a. Multipolar neuron
b. Bipolar neuron
c. Unipolar neuron
d. Sensory neuron
e. Motor neuron
f. Interneuron
True or False: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of EXTREME pain. This means that the
strength of the action potential is greater than usual.
False – there is no variation in the strength of action potentials. There is variation in the number
of neurons firing
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