1. A nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with

terminal cancer. The patient is in denial and refuses to talk about his

condition. What is the best way for the nurse to communicate with the

patient?

a) Tell the patient that he needs to accept his diagnosis and start planning

for end-of-life care.

b) Avoid discussing the diagnosis with the patient and focus on his

physical needs.

c) Acknowledge the patient's feelings and provide emotional support

without forcing him to talk.

d) Ask the patient open-ended questions to encourage him to express his

thoughts and feelings.

Answer: c) Acknowledge the patient's feelings and provide emotional

support without forcing him to talk.

Rationale: This is the best way to communicate with a patient who is in

denial because it shows respect, empathy, and active listening. It also

allows the patient to cope at his own pace and does not impose the nurse's

own values or beliefs on him.

2. A nurse is preparing to teach a patient who has diabetes how to selfadminister insulin injections. The patient has low health literacy and

speaks English as a second language. What are some strategies that the

nurse can use to enhance communication and learning for this patient?

(Select all that apply.)

a) Use simple and clear language and avoid medical jargon.

b) Provide written instructions and diagrams in the patient's preferred

language.

c) Demonstrate the procedure and have the patient return the

demonstration.

d) Use a translator or an interpreter if needed.

e) Provide positive feedback and reinforcement throughout the teaching

session.

Answer: a), b), c), d), e)

Rationale: All of these strategies are effective ways to communicate and

teach a patient who has low health literacy and speaks English as a second

language. They help to ensure that the patient understands the information,