Chapter 18 ● Newborns often have periods of crying ○ First check for physical reasons ■ Hungry ■ Change in diaper ○ Need to soother the newborn ■ Holding ■ Walking ■ Rocking ■ Ride in the care ○ Reassure that newborn will be spoiled by meeting its needs ● Scaphoid abdomen ○ Contour of newborn abdomen looks swollen ○ Scaphoid or sunken appearance ■ Missing abdominal contents ■ Diaphragmatic hernia ● Bowel or other abdominal organs positioned in the chest ● Bowel sounds ○ Bowl is beginning peristalsis ○ Present within 1 hour after birth ● Liver is palpable 1-2 cm below costal margin ● No bleeding at the base of the cord ○ Should not appear wet ● Six activities the newborn performs when being evaluated for gestational age based on neurologic maturity: ○ Posture ○ Square window ■ Flexible wrists with a small angle ● Ranging from 0-30 degrees ○ Arm recoil ○ Popliteal angle ○ Scar sign ○ Heel to ear ● Newborn temperature range: ○ 36.5C to 37.5C ○ 97.9F to 99.7F ● Second period of reactivity ○ Best time to teach about feeding, positioning for feeding, and diaper changing techniques ○ Good time for parents to interact with the infant ○ Examine baby ○ Ask questions ● Breast engorgement ○ Standing in a warm shower or applying warm compresses before feedings