1. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema. Which of the following

findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

1) Dyspnea

2) Barrel chest

3) Clubbing of the fingers

4) Shallow respirations

INCORRECT

5) Bradycardia

Answer Rationale:

Dyspnea is correct. Dyspnea is experienced by clients who have emphysema due to

inadequate oxygen exchange in the lungs.

Barrel chest is correct. The lungs of clients who have emphysema lose their

elasticity, and the diaphragm becomes permanently flattened by overdistention of the

lungs. The muscles of the rib cage also become rigid, and the ribs flare outward. This

produces the barrel chest typical of emphysema clients.

Clubbing of the fingers is correct. Air is trapped in the lungs due to their lack of

elasticity, which decreases oxygenation. Clubbing results from these chronic low bloodoxygen levels.

Shallow respirations is correct. Clients who have emphysema lose lung elasticity;

consequently, respirations become increasingly shallow and more rapid.

Bradycardia is incorrect. The heart rate will increase as the heart tries to

compensate for less oxygen being delivered to the tissues.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following

clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.)

1) Buffalo hump

2) Purple striations

3) Moon face

INCORRECT

4) Tremors

INCORRECT

5) Obese extremities

Answer Rationale:

Buffalo hump is correct. Cushing's syndrome is a disease caused by an increased

production of cortisol or by excessive use of corticosteroids. Buffalo hump, a collection

of fat between the shoulders, is a common manifestation of Cushing's syndrome.Purple

striations is correct. Purple striations on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, and breasts

are a common manifestation of Cushing's syndrome. This is due to the collection of

body fat in these areas.Moon face is correct. Moon face is a common manifestation of