1. A patient with chronic kidney disease is advised to limit potassium

intake. Which of the following food choices is most appropriate?

 A) Banana

 B) Spinach

 C) Apple

 D) Potato

 Answer: C) Apple

 Rationale: Apples have a lower potassium content compared to bananas,

spinach, and potatoes, making them a suitable choice for patients needing

to limit potassium.

2. A nurse is educating a patient with celiac disease about gluten-free

foods. Which grain should be avoided?

 A) Rice

 B) Quinoa

 C) Barley

 D) Corn

 Answer: C) Barley

 Rationale: Barley contains gluten, which must be avoided in a celiac

disease patient's diet to prevent adverse reactions.

3. When assessing a patient's nutritional status, which laboratory value

would provide the most comprehensive information?

 A) Hemoglobin

 B) Serum albumin

 C) Total lymphocyte count

 D) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

 Answer: B) Serum albumin

 Rationale: Serum albumin levels reflect the body's protein stores and are

a good indicator of long-term nutritional status.

4. A patient with type 2 diabetes should be advised to focus on which

dietary component to help control blood glucose levels?

 A) Total fat

 B) Complex carbohydrates

 C) Simple sugars

 D) Dietary fiber

 Answer: D) Dietary fiber