Community Health Nursing Theories

- Nightingale's Theory of Environment

- Health Belief Model

- Likelihood of Taking Action Factors - Correct Answer *Nightingale's Theory of

Environment*: Focuses on impact of a person's environment on their health. Focus in

on preventative care (washing hands, clean environment).

*Health Belief Model*: Assumes a persons primary motivation in taking positive health

actions is to avoid getting a disease.

*Likelihood of taking action is based on*:

1. Modifying variables (age, gender, race, economy, education)

2. Perceived severity and susceptibility of getting the disease

3. Perceived benefits vs. barriers of taking action

4. Cues to action (i.e. advice of doctor, media campaign)

Community-Based Nursing versus Community-Oriented Nursing - Correct Answer The

community or population is the "client" in community health nursing.

*Community-Based Nursing*: Focused on ILLNESS care (acute or chronic conditions)

for individuals and families.

- Examples: Home Health nurse doing wound care, School nurse administering epi-pen.

*Community-Oriented Nursing: Focused on improving the collective health of the

community.

- Examples: Health education and promotion, disease prevention activities. No illness

care! Community-oriented nursing = public health nursing.

Community Health Nursing versus Public Health Nursing - Correct Answer *Community

Health Nursing*: Delivers health care services to individuals, families, and groups.

Includes community-based nursing (illness care for individuals and families) AND

community-oriented nursing (community focused care, with an emphasis on education

and disease prevention).

*Public Health Nursing*: Disease prevention and health promotion of communities and

populations. They re not providing direct care to individuals! Public health nursing =

community-oriented nursing.

Four Ethical Principles in Community Health Nursing

- Respect for Autonomy

- Non-Maleficence

- Beneficence