A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema. Which of the

following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

1) Dyspnea

2) Barrel chest

3) Clubbing of the fingers

4) Shallow respirations

INCORRECT

5) Bradycardia

Answer Rationale:

Dyspnea is correct. Dyspnea is experienced by clients who have emphysema

due to inadequate oxygen exchange in the lungs.

Barrel chest is correct. The lungs of clients who have emphysema lose their

elasticity, and the diaphragm becomes permanently flattened by overdistention

of the lungs. The muscles of the rib cage also become rigid, and the ribs flare

outward. This produces the barrel chest typical of emphysema clients.

Clubbing of the fingers is correct. Air is trapped in the lungs due to their lack

of elasticity, which decreases oxygenation. Clubbing results from these chronic

low blood-oxygen levels.

Shallow respirations is correct. Clients who have emphysema lose lung

elasticity; consequently, respirations become increasingly shallow and more

rapid.

Bradycardia is incorrect. The heart rate will increase as the heart tries to

compensate for less oxygen being delivered to the tissues.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the

following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all

that apply.)

1) Buffalo hump

2) Purple striations

3) Moon face