1. What is the term for the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

A) Atomic number

B) Mass number

C) Isotope number

D) Ion number

Answer: A) Atomic number. The atomic number is the unique identifier of an element and determines its

chemical properties.

2. What is the term for atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons?

A) Atomic variants

B) Mass variants

C) Isotopes

D) Ions

Answer: C) Isotopes. Isotopes have the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to different

numbers of neutrons.

3. What is the term for atoms that have gained or lost electrons and have a net electric charge?

A) Atomic charges

B) Mass charges

C) Isotopes

D) Ions

Answer: D) Ions. Ions have unequal numbers of protons and electrons, resulting in a positive or negative

charge.

4. What is the name of the horizontal rows in the periodic table?

A) Groups

B) Periods

C) Families

D) Series

Answer: B) Periods. Periods indicate the number of energy levels or shells that an atom has.

5. What is the name of the vertical columns in the periodic table?

A) Groups

B) Periods

C) Families

D) Series

Answer: A) Groups. Groups indicate the number of valence electrons or outermost electrons that an

atom has.

6. What is the term for the attraction between atoms that share one or more pairs of electrons?

A) Ionic bond

B) Covalent bond

C) Metallic bond

D) Hydrogen bond

Answer: B) Covalent bond. Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons to achieve a stable octet or

duet configuration.

7. What is the term for the attraction between atoms that transfer one or more electrons from one to

another?

A) Ionic bond

B) Covalent bond