1. Multiple Choice: Which act established the foundation for the modern American healthcare system by creating federally funded hospital insurance and a voluntary medical insurance program for the elderly? - A) The Affordable Care Act - B) The Health Maintenance Organization Act - C) The Social Security Act - D) The Medicare and Medicaid Act Correct Answer: D) The Medicare and Medicaid Act Rationale: The Medicare and Medicaid Act of 1965 established critical components of the current healthcare system, providing access to healthcare for the elderly and low-income individuals. 2. True/False: The Flexner Report, published in 1910, led to the closure of many medical schools in the United States. - Answer: True Rationale: The Flexner Report critically reviewed the state of medical education and led to significant reforms, including the closure of medical schools that did not meet the new standards.