1. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the induction of ovulation? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) D. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Answer: C. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Rationale: LH triggers ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary, which is a critical step in reproduction. 2. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium thicken to prepare for potential implantation? A. Menstrual phase B. Proliferative phase C. Secretory phase D. Ischemic phase Answer: B. Proliferative phase Rationale: The proliferative phase is characterized by the thickening of the endometrium under the influence of estrogen, preparing for embryo implantation. 3. What is the primary function of the Sertoli cells in male reproduction? A. Production of testosterone B. Formation of spermatozoa C. Secretion of seminal fluid D. Support and nourishment of developing sperm cells Answer: D. Support and nourishment of developing sperm cells Rationale: Sertoli cells provide support, nourishment, and regulation of the spermatogenic cells through to their maturation. 4. Which structure is responsible for the production of progesterone to maintain early pregnancy? A. Ovary B. Corpus luteum C. Endometrium D. Placenta Answer: B. Corpus luteum Rationale: After ovulation, the corpus luteum forms from the ruptured