1. Which of the following best describes the etiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? A. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as obesity B. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas C. Viral infection leading to insulin resistance D. Unknown cause Answer: A. Genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as obesity Rationale: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is primarily caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as obesity and sedentary lifestyle. 2. What is the pathophysiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis? A. Destruction of joint cartilage due to excessive wear and tear B. Autoimmune response targeting synovial tissue C. Decreased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines D. Excessive production of uric acid crystals in joints Answer: B. Autoimmune response targeting synovial tissue Rationale: Rheumatoid Arthritis is characterized by an autoimmune response that targets the synovial tissue in joints, leading to inflammation and damage. 3. Which of the following clinical manifestations is commonly associated with heart failure? A. Hypertension B. Persistent cough C. Hyperglycemia D. Muscle weakness Answer: B. Persistent cough