Student Name: Chiamaka Iloka Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): AC-1TI2DSA Pre-Lab Questions 1. What are chromosomes made of? Chromosomes are made up of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). 2. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis has 5 phases. It happens in somatic cells. It produces 2 diploid daughter cells and the chromosome number remains the same. Meiosis has 9 stages. The Chromosome number is halved in each daughter cell. Its purpose is sex reproduction and it happens in germ cell. Both produce new cells, they have similar basic steps, and they start with a single parent cell. 3. Cancer is a disease related to uncontrolled cell division. Investigate two known causes for these rapidly dividing cells and use this knowledge to invent a drug that would inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Cancer is a condition in which cell division occurs rapidly without any restriction continuously. One of the known causes of cancer is mutation in the regulatory genes of cell divisions due to environmental exposure to mutagens. The second reason is the inheritance of the mutagenic genes from the parents. There is no permanent cure for cancer as of now. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are used to control the tumor growth. Each cancer is different from one another because the genes that it affects are different. Gene therapy would be a better option and is a costly procedure. More research should be carried out in genetic targeting. To consider inventing the drug to inhibit the cancer growth, there are several halts where the cell cycle can be stopped. Choosing a halt based on the cancer type, then we can decide where the cycle should be inhibited. Experiment 1: Observation of Mitosis in a Plant Cell Table 1: Mitosis Predictions Predictions I predict that interphase will be 60% and the rest of the stages will decrease as it goes. Supporting Evidence The majority of the cell cycle is spent at the early stages, then the rest of the cycle should take about the same amount of time.