Question 1 True or False: Metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. True Question 2 True or False: Enzymesslow down chemical reactionsto conserve energy. False Question 3 What is a cofactor? And give a general example. A cofactor is a small chemical component that assists an enzyme during the catalysis reactions. A cofactor is usually metal ions. Question 4 Define anabolism. Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules from small molecular units into much larger complexes. Question 5 In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process would be active? Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of amino acids. Therefore the process described (proteins into amino acids) is the breakdown, or catabolism of protein. Question 6 Describe the energy transfer processrelative to both ATP and ADP. ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept energy in the form of a phosphate group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP ⟶ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built into ATP This study source was downloaded by 100000840471888 from CourseHero.com on 11-02-2022 11:19:37 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/81401968/microExam2docx/ (ADP + Pi ⟶ATP). Question 7 This study source was downloaded by 100000840471888 from CourseHero.com on 11-02-2022 11:19:37 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/81401968/microExam2docx/ An organism that derives its energy (generates ATP) from photons of light is called a ? Phototrophic microorganism Question 8 An organism that obtains its source of carbon from inorganic moleculessuch as carbon dioxide is referred to as a ? Autotroph Question 9 A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation process? Substrate-level phosphorylation Question 10 The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what 3 distinct transitions? The breakdown of glucose goesthrough (1) Glycolysisthen (2) Fermentation or Respiration and finally through (3) the electron transport chain (ETC). Question 11 What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose? The electron transport chain yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and fermentation (or respiration) each yield only 2 ATP. Question 12 Identify the products of the following chemical equation: Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP The products are to the right of the arrow: 2NADH, 2 Pyruvates and 2 ATP Question 13 The presence of what molecule ‘signals’ to the cell that glycolysis is about to start? This study source was downloaded by 100000840471888 from CourseHero.com on 11-02-2022 11:19:37 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/81401968/microExam2docx/ Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) Question 14 2 / 2 pts True or False: During fermentation one means of eliminating pyruvate is by converting it into lactic acid. True Question 15 How many ATP does the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle produce per pyruvate? 1 ATP Question 16 0 / 2 pts True or False. The products of the TCA cycle enter and fuel the electron transport system. True Question 17 In the absence of glucose, which of the following cannot be used as alternative energy sources? Select all that apply. Nucleic acids Question 18 For the catabolism of proteins and lipids, which of the following enzymes are used? Select all that apply. Proteases Lipases Question 19 True or False. The β-oxidation pathway isresponsible for the anabolism of fatty acid chains. False Question 20 Describe the relationship between chloroplasts and chlorophyll.