1. What is the primary purpose of using a control group in neuroscience research? A) To ensure that the study can be replicated B) To provide a baseline for comparing the effects of the experimental treatment C) To increase the sample size of the study D) To eliminate the need for randomization Answer: B) To provide a baseline for comparing the effects of the experimental treatment. Rationale: A control group is used to establish a baseline that can be used to measure the effects of the experimental treatment. This comparison helps to determine the efficacy of the treatment. 2. Which neuroimaging technique involves the use of magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain? A) EEG B) PET C) MRI D) CT Answer: C) MRI Rationale: MRI, or Magnetic Resonance Imaging, uses magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of the brain, allowing researchers to study its structure and function without invasive procedures. 3. In a double-blind study, who is unaware of the treatment assignments? A) Only the participants B) Only the researchers C) Both the participants and the researchers D) Neither the participants nor the researchers Answer: C) Both the participants and the researchers. Rationale: In a double-blind study, neither the participants nor the researchers know who has been assigned to the treatment or control groups. This helps to prevent bias in the study's results. 4. What is the significance of action potentials in neural communication? A) They release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. B) They determine the speed of neural transmission.