1. Which vitamin is essential for the coagulation of blood? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin K Answer: D) Vitamin K Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of proteins required for blood coagulation, which is crucial in preventing excessive bleeding. 2. A patient with osteoporosis is advised to increase their intake of which mineral? A) Iron B) Calcium C) Potassium D) Magnesium Answer: B) Calcium Rationale: Calcium is vital for bone health, and increasing its intake can help improve bone density and reduce the risk of fractures in patients with osteoporosis. 3. Which vitamin deficiency is most associated with scurvy? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin E Answer: C) Vitamin C Rationale: Scurvy is a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C, which is necessary for the synthesis of collagen in humans. 4. Hyponatremia, a condition of low blood sodium levels, can result from excessive consumption of which substance? A) Alcohol B) Water C) Caffeine D) Sugar Answer: B) Water Rationale: While sodium is lost through sweat and urine, excessive water intake can dilute the sodium in the body, leading to hyponatremia.