1. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety? - A) Dopamine - B) Serotonin - C) GABA - D) Neuropeptide Y Answer: B) Serotonin Rationale: Serotonin is known to play a significant role in the regulation of appetite and satiety, influencing eating behaviors. 2. The mesolimbic pathway is crucial for which type of motivated behavior? - A) Fear - B) Hunger - C) Reward-seeking - D) Pain avoidance Answer: C) Reward-seeking Rationale: The mesolimbic pathway is associated with the reward system in the brain, which is activated during reward-seeking behaviors. 3. Which area of the brain is most associated with the experience of cravings? - A) Amygdala - B) Hippocampus - C) Insula - D) Prefrontal cortex Answer: C) Insula Rationale: The insula has been implicated in the conscious urges and cravings, particularly for substances like food and drugs. 4. In the context of motivated behaviors, what role does the hypothalamus play? - A) It processes sensory information. - B) It regulates autonomic functions. - C) It coordinates motor responses. - D) It maintains homeostasis. Answer: D) It maintains homeostasis.