1. A patient with a history of chronic heart failure is admitted with signs of increased immune response. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is most likely occurring? A) Type I B) Type II C) Type III D) Type IV Answer: B) Type II Rationale: Type II hypersensitivity reactions are antibody-mediated and often involve the activation of complement in conditions such as chronic heart failure, where the immune system may target the heart tissue. 2. During an infection, a patient's laboratory results show high levels of neutrophils. This indicates: A) Bacterial infection B) Viral infection C) Parasitic infection D) Fungal infection Answer: A) Bacterial infection Rationale: Neutrophils are the body's primary defense against bacterial infections, and an elevated count typically indicates a bacterial cause. 3. A nursing student is asked to identify the primary cell involved in cellmediated immunity. Which cell should they select? A) B lymphocyte B) Macrophage C) T lymphocyte D) Natural killer cell Answer: C) T lymphocyte Rationale: T lymphocytes are the main cells responsible for cell-mediated immunity, which does not involve antibodies but rather direct cellular response. 4. A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in humoral immunity. Which component of the immune system is most likely affected? A) T cells B) B cells C) Macrophages