1. What is the difference between the cycling of matter and the cycling of

energy in ecosystems?

Answer: Matter is cycled through ecosystems, while energy flows through

ecosystems. Matter is recycled, whereas energy is constantly being input

into the ecosystem.

2. How does the cycling of carbon differ from the cycling of nitrogen in

ecosystems?

Answer: Carbon is primarily cycled through the atmosphere, whereas

nitrogen is cycled through soil and living organisms.

3. Describe the role of decomposers in the cycling of matter in

ecosystems.

Answer: Decomposers break down dead organic matter into simpler

compounds, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem.

4. How does the cycling of water impact the cycling of matter in

ecosystems?

Answer: Water is essential for the transport of nutrients and the

breakdown of organic matter by decomposers.

5. Explain the concept of a biogeochemical cycle and provide an example.

Answer: Biogeochemical cycles describe the pathways that elements take

as they move through living organisms, the atmosphere, and the

lithosphere. An example is the carbon cycle.

6. What is the significance of the phosphorus cycle in ecosystems?

Answer: Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth, and its

cycling is crucial for maintaining ecosystem productivity.

7. How do humans impact the cycling of matter and energy in