1. Open-ended: Describe the principle behind the displacement method for determining the density of an irregularly shaped object. Answer: The displacement method is based on Archimedes' principle, which states that an object submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. The volume of the displaced fluid can be measured, and the object's density can be calculated since density is mass divided by volume. 2. Fill-in-the-blank: The density of a substance is its mass per unit _______. Answer: Volume. Density is defined as mass divided by volume. 3. True/False: Density is a fundamental physical property that does not change regardless of the amount of substance present. Answer: False. While density is an intensive property that does not depend on the amount of substance, it can change with temperature and pressure conditions. 4. Multiple-choice: Which instrument is commonly used to measure the density of a liquid? A) Calorimeter B) Spectrophotometer C) Pycnometer D) Centrifuge Answer: C) Pycnometer. It is specifically designed to determine the densities of liquids. 5. Open-ended: Explain how temperature affects the density of a substance. Answer: Temperature affects the density of substances by causing them to expand or contract. As temperature increases, most