1. Which of the following biomolecules is primarily involved in the storage of genetic information? A) Proteins B) Carbohydrates C) Lipids D) Nucleic acids Answer: D) Nucleic acids Rationale: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are the biomolecules responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. 2. In the context of enzyme kinetics, what does the Michaelis-Menten equation describe? A) The rate of enzymatic reactions at different substrate concentrations B) The change in enzyme structure upon substrate binding C) The lipid bilayer permeability in cell membranes D) The secondary structure formation of proteins Answer: A) The rate of enzymatic reactions at different substrate concentrations Rationale: The Michaelis-Menten equation is used to describe the rate of enzymatic reactions as a function of substrate concentration until a maximum velocity is reached. 3. A mutation that results in the replacement of a purine with a pyrimidine is known as: A) Transition B) Transversion C) Silent mutation D) Nonsense mutation Answer: B) Transversion Rationale: A transversion is a type of mutation that involves the replacement of a purine (adenine or guanine) with a pyrimidine (cytosine or thymine), or vice versa. 4. Which process describes the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template? A) Translation B) Transcription C) Replication D) Reverse transcription