1. Which of the following statements is true about the

relationship between entropy and Gibbs free energy?

a) Entropy is the measure of disorder in a system, and

Gibbs free energy is the measure of the maximum amount

of work that can be done by a system at constant

temperature and pressure.

b) Entropy is the measure of the spontaneity of a process,

and Gibbs free energy is the measure of the change in

enthalpy minus the change in entropy multiplied by the

temperature.

c) Entropy is the measure of the heat transfer in a reversible

process, and Gibbs free energy is the measure of the

change in entropy minus the change in enthalpy divided by

the temperature.

d) Entropy is the measure of the randomness of a system,

and Gibbs free energy is the measure of the tendency of a

system to change to a lower energy state. *

Rationale: Option d) is correct because entropy is a

measure of how dispersed or random the energy of a

system is, and Gibbs free energy is a measure of how likely

a system will undergo a spontaneous change to a more

stable state. Option a) is incorrect because entropy is not

directly related to work, but rather to heat transfer. Option

b) is incorrect because it confuses the definitions of entropy

and Gibbs free energy. Option c) is incorrect because it

reverses the signs of enthalpy and entropy in the formula

for Gibbs free energy.