1. A 45-year-old woman comes to the clinic with

complaints of hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and

vaginal dryness. She has a history of hypertension and

diabetes. She is not interested in hormone therapy and asks

about alternative options. Which of the following is the

most appropriate recommendation for her?

a) Black cohosh

b) Soy products

c) St. John's wort

d) Vitamin E

*Answer: b) Soy products*

Rationale: Soy products contain phytoestrogens, which are

plant-derived compounds that have estrogen-like effects.

They may help reduce the severity and frequency of hot

flashes and other menopausal symptoms. Black cohosh, St.

John's wort, and vitamin E have not been proven to be

effective for menopausal symptoms.

2. A 32-year-old woman is diagnosed with polycystic

ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition that causes irregular

periods, excess hair growth, acne, and infertility. She is

overweight and has insulin resistance. She wants to know

what lifestyle changes she can make to improve her

condition. Which of the following is the most important

advice for her?

a) Increase her intake of omega-3 fatty acids

b) Reduce her intake of refined carbohydrates

c) Take a multivitamin supplement daily

d) Drink green tea regularly