Chapter 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion 1. Which of the following behaviors indicates the highest potential for spreading infections among clients? The nurse: 1) disinfects dirty hands with antibacterial soap. 2) allows alcohol-based rub to dry for 10 seconds. 3) washes hands only after leaving each room. 4) uses cold water for medical asepsis. 2. What is the most frequent cause of the spread of infection among institutionalized patients? 1) Airborne microbes from other patients 2) Contact with contaminated equipment 3) Hands of healthcare workers 4) Exposure from family members 3. Which of the following nursing activities is of highest priority for maintaining medical asepsis? 1) Washing hands 2) Donning gloves 3) Applying sterile drapes 4 ) Wearing a gown 4. A patient infected with a virus but who does not have any outward sign of the disease is considered a: 1) pathogen. 2) fomite. 3) vector. 4) carrier. 5. A patient is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which precautions must the nurse institute when caring for this patient? 1) Droplet transmission 2) Airborne transmission 3) Direct contact 4) Indirect contact 6. A patient becomes infected with oral candidiasis (thrush) while receiving intravenous antibiotics to treat a systemic infection. Which type of infection has the patient developed? 1) Endogenous nosocomial 2) Exogenous nosocomial 3) Latent 4) Primary 7. A patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia has been receiving antibiotics for 2 days. His condition has stabilized, and his temperature has returned to normal. Which stage of infection is the patient most likely experiencing? 1) Incubation 2) Prodromal 3) Decline 4) Convalescence 8. The nurse assists a surgeon with central venous catheter insertion. Which action is necessary to help maintain sterile technique? 1) Closing the patients door to limit room traffic while preparing the sterile field 2) Using clean procedure gloves to handle sterile equipment 3) Placing the nonsterile syringes containing flush solution on the sterile field 4) Remaining 6 inches away from the sterile field during the procedure 9. A patient develops localized heat and erythema over an area on the lower leg. These findings are indicative of which secondary defense against infection? 1) Phagocytosis 2) Complement cascade 3) Inflammation 4) Immunity 10. The patient suddenly develops hives, shortness of breath, and wheezing after receiving an antibiotic. Which antibody is primarily responsible for this patients response? 1) IgA 2) IgE 3) IgG 4) IgM 11. What type of immunity is provided by intravenous (IV) administration of immunoglobulin G? 1) Cell-mediated 2) Passive 3) Humoral 4) Active