1. When evaluating a periapical radiograph of the maxillary anterior teeth,

which of the following landmarks is most important for identifying

pathology?

 A. Nasal septum

 B. Maxillary sinus

 C. Incisive foramen

 D. Median palatal suture

 Answer: C. Incisive foramen

 Rationale: The incisive foramen is a critical landmark for assessing

pathology in the maxillary anterior region on a periapical radiograph.

2. A dental hygienist notices a radiopaque lesion near the apex of tooth

#14. Which of the following should be considered in the differential

diagnosis?

 A. Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia

 B. Condensing osteitis

 C. Hypercementosis

 D. All of the above

 Answer: D. All of the above

 Rationale: All listed conditions can present as radiopaque lesions near

the apex of a tooth and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

3. In panoramic radiography, which error can lead to a 'ghost' image

appearing on the radiograph?

 A. Patient movement

 B. Incorrect patient positioning

 C. Exposure time too short

 D. Film development error

 Answer: B. Incorrect patient positioning

 Rationale: Incorrect patient positioning can result in 'ghost' images on

panoramic radiographs due to the rotation of the beam around the patient.

4. Which of the following is an indication for taking bitewing

radiographs?

 A. Evaluation of periodontal disease

 B. Detection of interproximal caries