Madison is interested in knowing whether there is a statistically significant difference between participants' scores in the control and experimental conditions. She should look at the _____ in order to determine if the difference is greater than what would be expected based on chance alone. - ANS IS p value Which of the following requires examination using experimental research? - ANS IS the effect of practice on performance Penelope is investigating the hypothesis that wearing a watch makes people more punctual. In her study participants in the experimental group are those who are assigned to _____, while participants in the control group are assigned to_____. - ANS IS wear a watch; not wear a watch Statistical significance is to magnitude as - ANS IS p level is to effect size. If you are interested in determining whether fatigue causes negative mood, you would need to conduct a(n): - ANS IS experiment. For a researcher to have confidence in his/her results, the level of internal validity should: - ANS IS be high In a _____ design, the researcher creates a set of two participants who are highly similar on a key trait and then randomly assigns these individuals to different groups. - ANS IS matched-pair Designing a highly controlled laboratory experiment will _____ power and _____ external validity. - ANS IS increase; decrease Sacha is interested in conducting an experiment examining the impact of sleep deprivation on memory. After analyzing her results, she finds a p-value of 0.08. Based on these findings, which of the following is true? - ANS IS Sleep deprivation does not have a statistically significant effect on memory. To answer a research question, one must accomplish each of the following tasks, EXCEPT: - ANS IS determine that an experiment is the only appropriate way to examine the hypothesis. When would using an independent samples t-test be inappropriate? - ANS IS when the experimenter has more than two levels of the independent variable Researcher notes are important because they do each of the following - ANS IS - document abnormalities. -minimize alternative explanations. -identify issues that arose during data collection that should be considered. Each of the following makes a measure more sensitive, - ANS IS -making questions more difficult - adding more questions. -making the rating scale more diverse. Professor Tompkins notices that rats run quickly through a maze when exposed to loud noise. Identify which of the following is necessary to transform this observation into a two-group experimental design? - ANS IS a control condition where rats run through a maze without exposure to loud noise Confederates can be used to increase: - ANS IS effect size An independent samples t-test that fails to reach statistical significance indicates that: - ANS IS there is not enough evidence to prove that the groups are significantly different. Compared with participants in the control condition, participants in the experimental condition should be: - ANS IS essentially the same. Temporal precedence is established by showing that changes in the suspected cause occur _____ changes in the outcome. - ANS IS before When would using an independent samples t-test be inappropriate? - ANS IS when the experimenter has more than two levels of the independent variable Designing a highly controlled laboratory experiment will _____ power and _____ external validity. - ANS IS decrease; increase If Dr. Ryan, a social psychologist, was investigating the relationship between temperature and participants' moods, an example of an extraneous variable would be: - ANS IS the time of day the study takes place A self-report measure may be inappropriate when the experimenter has concerns about - ANS IS social desirability bias. A confederate is: - ANS IS an accomplice of the experimenter who helps to administer the study by pretending to act as a participant. Jayla's experimental study revealed a significant result. Which of the following will help to increase her confidence in her findings? - ANS IS replication Juanita recruits participants for a study examining the impact of adrenaline on attraction. In her study she randomly assigns participants to either receive a placebo injection or an injection of adrenaline. All participants then rate the desirability of potential romantic