EDAPT – MANAGEMENT MODELS AND THEORIES
Management is the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization through the deployment and
manipulation of resources. This interactive learning activity focuses on the history, models, and management
theories as applied to the nurse leader.
Managers should focus on which aspects of business? Select all that apply.
Controlling situations, decision making, analyzing processes, and achieving results are all crucial elements of
successful management.
What are the primary functions of management? Classify each option as either primary or secondary.
The five primary functions of management (planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling) represent
a variety of task-focused processes that allow managers to hold employees accountable for accomplishing
organizational or unit goals.
Evaluating, budgeting, hiring, developing, and appraising are individual tasks and responsibilities of
management that are part of, and fall under, the five primary functions but are not the five primary functions.
Managers monitor and adjust today’s work, regularly looking to the past to meet current goals and
objectives.
Leaders look forward and imagine the possibilities that the future may bring to set direction.
Management functions exist in most organizations and, like organizations, management theory has evolved
over time.
Since the functions of management are task oriented, the progression of development has been slower than
changes in leadership theory (Marquis & Huston, 2020).
HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT THEORY
1900–1930
What: Scientific Management
Focus: One best way to accomplish a task
Details: The goal was to define the work using time and motion studies, select and train new workers based on
technical abilities, and provide financial incentives to reward work and invest employees; the manager
supervises how employees do the work.
Key Theorist: Frederick W. Taylor
1900–1930
What: Bureaucracy Bureaucratic Management
Focus: Consistent rules and regulations
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