1) Which of the following refers to a program or process for evaluating andimproving the effectiveness of an EMS system? A) Quality improvement B) System effectiveness management C) Process Improvement Plan (PIP) D) Total quality system - A) CORRECT. Quality improvement (QI) consists of continuous self-review with the purpose of identifying aspects of the EMSsystemthat require improvement, with subsequent action plans to make subsequent changes. B) INCORRECT. System effectiveness management does not refer to a programofevaluating and improving an EMS system. C) INCORRECT. A program or process for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of an EMS system is not referred to as a Process Improvement Program. D) INCORRECT. The term "total quality system" does not refer to a programforimproving the effectiveness of EMS systems. 2) Which of the following groups is credited with developing the earliest documented emergency medical service? A) The Spanish B) The Egyptians C) The Mayans D) The French - Explanation: A) INCORRECT. The Spanish did not developthefirst documented emergency medical service; the French did in the 1700s. B) INCORRECT. Although known for progress in technical areas, the Egyptians