Exam 2: NR293 / NR 293 (Latest Update 2024/2025) Pharmacology Review| Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct -Chamberlain

Exam 2: NR293 / NR 293 (Latest Update 2024/2025) Pharmacology Review| Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct -Chamberlain Q: What are adjuvant drugs? Answer: assist primary drugs in relieving pain Q: what are opioid drugs? Answer: synthetic drugs that bind to the opiate receptors to relieve pain Q: mild agonist opioid drugs Answer: codeine and hydrocodone Q: strong agonists Answer: morphine, hydromorphone, oxycodone, meperidine, fentanyl, and methadone Q: Can a nurse dilute opioid drugs in an iv? Answer: No, not unless the pharmacy specifically says to and opioids should not be given through a normal saline device Q: what is the opioid ceiling effect? Answer: drug reaches a maximum analgesic effect Q: If you take 5 mg of a medication for pain, that 5 mg will go to receptor sites to block pain signals but let's say you take 10 mg, What will happen? Answer: . Even if you increase the dose, it will have the same effect no matter how much you take, can have more of an adverse effect (why the pt may take more and more of something and then take more and then they begin to overdose. Q: what do opioid agonists do? Answer: bind to an opioid pain receptor site to block pain Q: what do opioid agonists-antagonists do? Answer: bind to a pain receptor but causes a mixed response, weaker than full agonist Q: what do opioid antagonists do? Answer: blocks or takes out the agonist effects ex: narcan reverses opioid overdose Q: what is Equianalgesia? Answer: ability to provide equivalent pain relief by calculating dosages that provide comparable analgesia. Q: opioid analgesics contraindications Answer: known drug allergy, severe asthma, COPD/respiratory insufficiency, pregnancy Q: opioid analgesics indications Answer: moderate to severe pain (7+), cough center suppression, diarrhea, balanced anesthesia Q: A patient is recovering from an appendectomy. She also has asthma and allergies to shellfish and iodine. To manage her postoperative pain, the physician has prescribed patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Which vital sign is of greatest concern? A. Pulse B. Blood pressure C. Temperature D. Respirations Answer: D. respirations Q: opioid analgesics adverse effects Answer: CNS depression, GI upset, urinary retention (check bladder distention), diaphoresis/flushing, pupil constriction, constipation, itching Q: what is a common opioid medication given for overdose? Answer: Naloxone (Narcan) Q: what do opioid analgesics interact with? Answer: alcohol, antihistamines, barbiturates, benzos Q: codeine sulfate Answer: less effective, more commonly used as an antitussive Q: fentanyl Answer: narrow therapeutic window; injection, patch, lozenges Q: Methadone Hydrochloride (Dolophine)