Final Exam: NR511/ NR 511 (2023/ 2024 Latest Update) Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care Practicum Exam Review| Weeks 5-8| Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Chamberlain

Final Exam: NR511/ NR 511 (2023/ 2024

Latest Update) Differential Diagnosis &

Primary Care Practicum Exam Review|

Weeks 5-8| Questions and Verified Answers|

100% Correct- Chamberlain

Q: What is C. Diff?

Answer:

Infection of the large intestine, that causes profuse watery mucoid diarrhea

Q: Where does C. Diff exists?

Answer:

Air, water, soil, processed foods, and human feces.

Q: What are risk factors for c. diff?

Answer:

Health care worker, long hospitalization, long term use of antibiotics, long term use of meds that

reduce GI acidity, consuming contaminated food or water, touching infected soil, water, objects,

or surfaces.

Q: What are symptoms of mild to moderate C diff infection?

Answer:

Person can be asymptomatic.

Watery diarrhea 3 or more times per day, for two or more days.

Mild abdominal cramping and tenderness.

Q: What are symptoms of a severe c diff infection ?

Answer:

Watery diarrhea 10-15 stools per day, (stools may have blood or pus)

Strong foul odor,

Acute abdomen secondary to toxic mega colon with perforation,

Abdominal distention,

Fevers,

Nausea, vomiting, dehydration that requires hospitalization.

Q: What are some tests that can be done to diagnose c diff?

Answer:

CBC: will show elevated WBC counts,

ELISA: identifies toxins that produce c. Diff bacteria

Cell cytotoxicity assay: identifies the effects of bacterial toxins on human cells.

PCR: detects bacterial genes.

Endoscopy: can be done if patient is unresponsive to treatment. Will show pseudomembranes

that suggests c.diff infection.

Q: What is the treatment for C. Diff?

Answer:

Metronidazole, probiotics, fluids, clear liquid diet, starchy foods to avoid diarrhea, avoid

caffeine/spicy/milk and greasy foods. Colectomy can be done with severe cases.

GI Consult is may be required if patient not responding to treatment.

Q: Why does GERD occur?

Answer:

Lower esophageal spun tee dysfunction, hiatal hernia, esophageal motility disorders

Q: Symptoms of GERD?

Answer:

Symptoms occur at night with regurgitation.

Heartburn, dysphagia, regurgitation, water brash (reflex salivation), sour taste in the mouth in the

morning, odynophagia, belching, coughing, hoarseness, or wheezing.

Q: What is the first for GERD?

Answer:

Diet modifications and 6 Weeks of omeprazole.

Q: When is an endoscopy ordered for GERD?

Answer:

After diet modifications and 6 weeks of omeprazole with no improvement.

Q: Risk factors for PUD?

Answer:

H. Pylori, gastric acid hypersecretion, NSAIDs, lifestyle factors (alcohol, smoking)

Q: What is the hall mark of peptic ulcer disease?

Answer:

A complaint of burning or gnawing (hunger) sensation or pain in the epigastrium that is often

relieved by foods or antacids

Q: What is the treatment for PUD?

Answer:

Amoxicillin, clarithromycin and omeprazole for 2 weeks

Q: Other physical findings that can be associated with puD?

Answer:

(Signs of anemia) Tachycardia, pale conjunctiva, burning epigastric pain, occult blood I guaic

positive (upon rectal exam)

Q: PUD is most common in who?

Answer:

More common in older adults.

People who consume alcohol excessively and who consume NSAIDs regularly.

Q: Rotavirus is common in who?

Answer:

Children younger than 3 years.

Q: symptoms of rotavirus

Answer:

Low grade fever, loss of appetite, watery diarrhea, flatulence, vomiting, stomach cramps

Q: What is the treatment for rotavirus?