Final Exam: NUR2063/ NUR 2063 (Latest 2023/ 2024 Update) Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam Review| Complete Guide with Verified Answers| 100% Correct- Rasmussen

Final Exam: NUR2063/ NUR 2063 (Latest

2023/ 2024 Update) Essentials of

Pathophysiology Exam Review| Complete

Guide with Verified Answers| 100% CorrectRasmussen

Q: Explain the role of the rough ER

Answer:

folded membranes that move proteins around the cell. Has ribosomes attached to it and helps

produce proteins for the cell membrane

Q: Explain the role of the smooth ER

Answer:

helps the Liver and kidney cells to detoxify, lipid metabolism, synthesis of hormones, and

calcium storage

Q: Explain the role of the peroxisome

Answer:

membrane cells that contain oxidase and catalase to detoxify harmful chemicals, breakdown

hydrogen peroxide and filter metabolic wastes

Q: Explain the role of the Golgi body

Answer:

stacked membranes that act as the sorter and packager for proteins from the ER. Helps move

things in and out of cell

Q: Explain passive immunity

Answer:

the transfer of preformed antibodies against specific antigens from a protected or immunized

individual to an unprotected or non immunized person. Provides immediate and short term

protection. No memory cells are produced. IgA and IgE. Passes protection

Q: What are examples of passive immunity?

Answer:

mom to fetus through placenta or mom to infant through breast milk. Serotherapy

Q: Explain active immunity

Answer:

a protective state owing to the immune system response as a result of active infection or

immunization. It has to be activated in the body and the body has to fight it to have long term

immunity

Q: What are examples of active immunity?

Answer:

Vaccinations

Q: Explain what edema is

Answer:

accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space. Leads to tissue swelling

Q: What are some causes of edema?

Answer:

increase in the forces that move fluid from capillaries to interstitial compartments or decrease in

the opposite.

Q: What are factors that contribute to edema?

Answer:

Increase in hydrostatic forces in the capillaries that increases the blood volume, increased

capillary permeability, CHF, HYPTN, decrease in plasma proteins like albumin (causes liver to

hold onto more water- ascites, cirrhosis), blockage of lymph drainage

Q: What is a hypersensitivity?

Answer:

an overreaction to antigens or allergens that is beyond the normal range, leading to damage

Q: What is a type 1 hypersensitivity?

Answer:

anaphylactic. Occurs within 2-30mins of exposure. Can be systemic or localized. Binds to IgE

and mast cells that release histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins to create inflammation

Q: Mediating Factor for type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer:

IgE

Q: Examples of type 1 hypersensitivity

Answer:

allergic reaction to dust. someone eats peanuts and breaks out in hives and runny nose

Q: How do we treat type 1 hypersensitivity reactions?

Answer:

antihistamines to block histamine, beta adrenergics to bronchodilator , corticosteroids, to

decrease inflammation. IgE therapy, epinephrine given during anaphylaxis through IV or through

IM in epipens

Q: What are signs and symptoms of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer:

hives, runny nose, eczema, throat constriction, ,localized edema, wheezing, tachycardia,

anaphylaxis.

Q: Explain Type 2 Hypersensitivity

Answer:

The cells attack healthy organs and blood, causing symptoms

Q: Mediating factor for type 2 hypersensitivity

Answer:

cytotoxic- IgM/ IgG

Q: Examples of type 2 hypersensitivity