1. Which artery provides the primary blood supply to the stomach?

 A. Celiac trunk

 B. Superior mesenteric artery

 C. Inferior mesenteric artery

 D. Gastric artery

 Answer: A. Celiac trunk

 Rationale: The celiac trunk is the major artery that supplies blood to the

stomach, spleen, and liver.

2. The enteric nervous system is responsible for which of the following

functions in the gastrointestinal tract?

 A. Blood pressure regulation

 B. Peristalsis and secretion

 C. Respiratory rate

 D. Thermoregulation

 Answer: B. Peristalsis and secretion

 Rationale: The enteric nervous system primarily controls peristalsis and

secretion within the gastrointestinal tract.

3. What is the significance of the portal venous system in relation to the

gastrointestinal tract?

 A. It carries nutrients directly to the liver for metabolism.

 B. It supplies oxygenated blood to the GI tract.

 C. It drains deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities.

 D. It regulates blood pressure within the GI tract.

 Answer: A. It carries nutrients directly to the liver for metabolism.

 Rationale: The portal venous system transports blood from the

gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver, carrying nutrients for

metabolism.

4. Which nerve innervates the majority of the abdominal viscera?

 A. Phrenic nerve

 B. Vagus nerve

 C. Hypogastric nerve

 D. Splanchnic nerve

 Answer: B. Vagus nerve

 Rationale: The vagus nerve innervates most of the abdominal viscera,

providing parasympathetic fibers to regulate digestive functions.