username: student20.21 password: shsbio Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: dehydration, heat stroke, homeostasis, hypothermia, involuntary, thermoregulation, voluntary Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) A thermostat is a device that regulates the temperature inside a building. 1. What does a thermostat do if it gets too cool? If it gets to cold a thermostat automatically turns the heat on 2. What does a thermostat do if it gets too hot? If it gets to hot a thermostat automatically turns the air conditioning on 3. How do our bodies sometimes act like a thermostat? To make us warmer our bodies shiver, and to make us colder our bodies sweat. Gizmo Warm-up To survive, an organism must be able to maintain stable internal conditions in a changing environment. This process is called homeostasis. The Human Homeostasis Gizmo allows you to explore how the human body stays at a nearly constant temperature in different conditions. Notice the Air temp. and Body temp. thermometers representing the air temperature and body temperature. What is the initial air temperature? 0 C/ 32 F 1. What is the initial body temperature? 37 C/ 99 F 2. Next to each factor listed below, write “increase,” “decrease,” or “same” based on how you expect that factor to affect body temperature. Raising air temperature: increase Sweating: decrease Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved This study source was downloaded by 100000808701186 from CourseHero.com on 05-24-2022 10:19:22 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/148066278/GIZMOSHumanHomeostasisActivitypdf/ Lowering air temperature: decrease Shivering: increase Adding clothing: increase Exercising: increase Activity A: Body temperature Get the Gizmo ready: ● If necessary, click Reset ( ). Question: What factors increase or decrease body temperature? 1. Observe: With the Air temp. at 0 °C (32 °F) and Body temp. at 37 °C (99 °F), click Play ( ). After one simulated hour (does not have to be exact), click Pause ( ). What is the body temperature after one hour? The body's temperature is 36 C/ 98 F 2. Gather data: Fill in the first line of the data table below. Then, use the same procedure to test the effect of each of the following factors. Click Reset between each trial. Record the initial and final body temperatures in the table below. (Leave the last column blank.) ● Set the Exercise level to 70%. (All other settings are in the default position.) ● Set the Sweat level to 70%. (All other settings are in the default position.) ● Under Body position, select Shivering. (All other settings are in the default position.) ● Next to Clothing, click Add four times to add a sweatshirt, hat, pants, and parka.(All other settings in default position.) Factor Initial body temp. Body temp. after ~ one hour Effect of factor on body temperature (increase/decrease/same) Standing still 99℉ 97 decreased Exercising 99℉ 100 increase Sweating 99℉ 95 decrease Shivering 99℉ 99 same Adding clothing 99℉ 99 same 3. Analyze: To determine the effect of a factor on body temperature, compare the final body temperature with that factor to the final body temperature while standing still. Based on this comparison, fill in the last column of the data table. A. Which factor raised body temperature the most? Exercising B. Why do you think this process raises body temperature? Muscle cells generate heat