Grays Anatomy Review Questions ;head and neck Latest Update

A 2-month-old male infant had a small pit at the anterior border of the
sternocleidomastoid muscle, with mucus dripping intermittently from the
opening. The pit extended to the tonsillar fossa as a branchial fistula. Which of
the following embryologic structure(s) is (are) involved in this anomaly?
A. Second pharyngeal arch
B. Second pharyngeal pouch and groove
C. Third pharyngeal pouch
D. Thyroglossal duct
E. Second pharyngeal pouch and cervical sinus
E
A 2-day-old infant was born with a cleft palate. The major portion of the palate
develops from which of the following embryonic structures?
A. Lateral palatine process
B. Median palatine process
C. Intermaxillary segment
D. Median nasal prominences
E. Frontonasal eminence
A
A 3-day-old infant has a small area of the right iris missing, and a diagnosis of
coloboma of the iris is made. Which of the following is the most likely
embryologic cause of the coloboma?
A. Failure of the retinal/choroid fissure to close
B. Abnormal neural crest formation
C. Abnormal interactions between the optic vesicle and ectoderm
D. Posterior chamber cavitation
E. Weak adhesion between the inner and outer layers of the optic vesicle
A
Early closure of the fontanelles of the infant skull can result in compression of
the brain, restricting brain growth. Which of the following fontanelles is located at
the junction of sagittal and coronal sutures and at what age does this fontanelle
typically close?
A. Posterior fontanelle, which closes at about 2 years
B. Mastoid fontanelle, which closes at about 16 months
C. Lambdoid fontanelle, which closes at 8 months to 1 year
D. Sphenoidal fontanelle, which closes at 3 years
E
A 3-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital because of a soft, anterior, midline
cervical mass. When the patient is asked to protrude his tongue, the mass in the
neck is observed to move upward. Which of the following is the most likely
diagnosis?
A. A thyroglossal duct cyst
B. Defect in sixth pharyngeal arch
C. A branchial cyst