1. A nurse manager is involved in a policy-making committee that is discussing the implementation

of a new electronic health record (EHR) system in a hospital. The nurse manager is aware of the

benefits of EHRs, such as improved quality, safety, efficiency, and coordination of care.

However, the nurse manager is also concerned about the potential challenges and barriers to

EHR adoption, such as cost, privacy, security, interoperability, and workflow disruption. Which

of the following is the most appropriate strategy for the nurse manager to advocate for the

successful implementation of the EHR system?

a) Provide feedback and suggestions to the committee based on the best available evidence and the

needs and preferences of the end-users.

b) Resist any changes to the current paper-based system and emphasize the risks and drawbacks of

EHRs.

c) Delegate the responsibility of EHR implementation to the IT department and focus on other

managerial tasks.

d) Accept the decision of the committee without questioning or challenging it and expect the staff

to do the same.

*Answer: a) Provide feedback and suggestions to the committee based on the best available

evidence and the needs and preferences of the end-users.*

Rationale: This option reflects the role of a nurse manager as a leader, change agent, and advocate

for quality improvement and patient-centered care. The nurse manager should use evidencebased practice and stakeholder engagement to facilitate the adoption of EHRs and overcome

potential barriers. Option b) is not appropriate because it shows resistance to change and

innovation, which can hinder quality improvement and patient safety. Option c) is not

appropriate because it shows a lack of involvement and accountability in EHR implementation,

which can affect staff satisfaction and performance. Option d) is not appropriate because it

shows a passive and submissive attitude that does not promote critical thinking and problemsolving.

2. A nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students about the concept of health equity and

its implications for health policy. The nurse educator explains that health equity means that

everyone has a fair and just opportunity to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their social,

economic, or environmental circumstances. The nurse educator also emphasizes that health

equity requires addressing the social determinants of health, such as income, education,

housing, transportation, and access to health care. Which of the following is an example of a

health policy issue that affects health equity?

a) The allocation of resources for public health programs and services.

b) The regulation of health care professionals' scope of practice and licensure.

c) The evaluation of health care outcomes and quality indicators.

d) The accreditation of health care organizations and educational institutions.

*Answer: a) The allocation of resources for public health programs and services.*

Rationale: This option is an example of a health policy issue that affects health equity because it

involves how public funds are distributed and prioritized for different population groups and

health needs. The allocation of resources for public health programs and services can influence

the availability, accessibility, affordability, acceptability, and quality of health care for various

communities, especially those that are marginalized or underserved. Option b) is not an