1. An infant who underwent a cardiac surgery has a chest tube inserted to

drain blood and fluid from the mediastinum. What is the normal amount

of drainage expected in the first 24 hours after surgery?

A) 10-20 ml/kg

B) 20-30 ml/kg

C) 30-40 ml/kg

D) 40-50 ml/kg

Answer: B) 20-30 ml/kg

Rationale: The normal amount of drainage in the first 24 hours after

cardiac surgery is 20-30 ml/kg. More than this may indicate excessive

bleeding or fluid accumulation, while less than this may indicate

obstruction or clotting of the chest tube.

2. An infant who underwent a cleft lip repair has a Logan bow applied to

protect the suture line and reduce tension. What is the appropriate nursing

intervention to prevent skin breakdown and infection at the site of the

Logan bow?

A) Apply petroleum jelly to the skin under the bow

B) Clean the skin under the bow with saline solution

C) Change the bow every 4 hours

D) Cover the bow with sterile gauze

Answer: A) Apply petroleum jelly to the skin under the bow

Rationale: Applying petroleum jelly to the skin under the Logan bow

helps to prevent skin irritation and breakdown from friction and moisture.

Cleaning the skin with saline solution may cause drying and cracking,

changing the bow too frequently may disrupt healing, and covering the

bow with gauze may interfere with its function.

3. An infant who underwent a pyloromyotomy for hypertrophic pyloric

stenosis has resumed oral feeding after surgery. What is the best indicator

that the infant is tolerating the feedings well?

A) The infant has no vomiting or regurgitation

B) The infant has normal bowel sounds and stools

C) The infant has a weight gain of 10 g/day

D) The infant has a decrease in abdominal distension

Answer: A) The infant has no vomiting or regurgitation

Rationale: The main symptom of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is