HESI Pathophysiology TEST BANK ( Latest 2025 / 2026 ) Actual Questions and Answers 100% Correct

1. By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and
exocytosis
c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
d. They cross by diffusion:
Answer:
d. They cross by diffusion
2. Which of the following metabolic processes is a component of anabolic
metabolism?
a. Protein synthesis
b. Glycolysis
c. Citric acid cycle
d. Oxidative phosphorylation:
Answer:
a. Protein synthesis
3. Which of the following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for
maintaining cell volume?
a. The calcium pump
b. Glucose transporters
c. The sodium-potassium pump
d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters:
Answer:
c. The sodium-potassium pump
4. Cellular hypoxia results in:
a. Enhanced ATP activity
b. Loss of intracellular calcium
c. Increased pH
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump:
Answer:
d. Failure of the sodium-potassium
pump