Chapter 5: Health Promotion of Preschoolers (3-6 years)

Gross motor skills by age

3- year-old: rides a tricycle*, jumps off bottom step, stands on one food for

a few seconds

4-year-old: skips and hops on one foot, throws ball overhead, catches ball

Reliably

5-year-old: jumps rope, walks backward with heel to toe, throws and catches

a ball with ease

 Erickson: Initiative vs. guilt

 Piaget: preoperative phase

o Magical thinking: thoughts are all powerful and cause events to occur

o Animism: ascribing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects.

 Pretend play is healthy and allows preschoolers to determine the difference between

reality and fantasy

 Nutrition: recommended that preschoolers have 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per

day. and 1 hour of physical activity a day

 Sleep: keep a consistent bedtime routine and need about 12 hours of sleep per day

Chapter 6: Health Promotion of School Age Children (6-12)

 Weight: school age children will gain about 4.4-6.6 lb per year

 Height: children will grow about 2 inches per year