1. A nurse manager is responsible for overseeing the

quality improvement process in a hospital unit. She wants

to use a tool that can help her identify the root causes of a

problem and generate possible solutions. Which of the

following tools is most appropriate for this purpose?

a) Pareto chart

b) Run chart

c) Fishbone diagram*

d) Gantt chart

Rationale: A fishbone diagram, also known as a cause-andeffect diagram, is a tool that can help identify the factors

that contribute to a problem and organize them into

categories. It can also help generate possible solutions by

brainstorming ideas for each category. A Pareto chart is a

tool that can help prioritize problems or causes by showing

their frequency or impact. A run chart is a tool that can

help monitor trends or changes in a process over time. A

Gantt chart is a tool that can help plan and track the

progress of a project.

2. A nurse leader is involved in developing a strategic plan

for a health care organization. She wants to ensure that the

plan is aligned with the organization's vision, mission,

values, and goals. Which of the following steps should she

take first?

a) Conduct a SWOT analysis

b) Define the objectives and strategies

c) Communicate the plan to stakeholders

d) Perform an environmental scan*