1. A researcher wants to compare the mean blood pressure

of patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes. He

randomly selects 100 patients with diabetes and 100

patients without diabetes from a hospital database and

measures their blood pressure. What is the most

appropriate statistical test to use in this scenario?

a) Independent samples t-test

b) Paired samples t-test

c) One-way ANOVA

d) Chi-square test

*Answer: a) Independent samples t-test*

Rationale: An independent samples t-test is used to

compare the means of two independent groups on a

continuous outcome variable. In this case, the two groups

are patients with and without diabetes, and the outcome

variable is blood pressure.

2. A nurse wants to evaluate the effectiveness of a new

intervention for smoking cessation. She randomly assigns

50 smokers to either receive the intervention or a placebo

for 12 weeks. She measures the number of cigarettes

smoked per day at baseline and at the end of the study.

What is the most appropriate statistical test to use in this

scenario?

a) Independent samples t-test

b) Paired samples t-test

c) One-way ANOVA

d) Chi-square test

*Answer: b) Paired samples t-test*