Which of the following was NOT one of the ways the Plains Indians used buffalos? - Answer- They used them to haul wagons Which of the following is a way Native Americans engaged in "genetic engineering"? - Answer- They experimented with teosinte and produced maize What was Poverty Point? -Answer- It was an Indian community on the lower Mississippi River that was the center of political and economic activitiy What key development had to occur before substantial changes in southwestern life could occur? -Answer- A more drought-resistant strain of maize had to be introduced Why did Anasazi Pueblo culture decline and fall? -Answer- A terrible drought severely reduced its agricultural production What was the Mayflower Compact? -Answer- It was an agreement reached by the first Pilgrims to constitute themselves a civil body politic Where was the first permanent European settlement on future United States soil? - Answer- St. Augustine, Florida What was the main problem that crippled the Roanoke colony and hurt Jamestown in its early years? -Answer- The English settlers refused to work Which of the following was NOT one of the problems in English society in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries? -Answer- A declining population According to Martin Luther, what is the basis of a person's salvation? -Answer- People can only gain their salvation through faith in God Where was New Netherland established? -Answer- On the Hudson River What was the result of the battle of Lake Champlain in 1609? -Answer- Indian-European relations entered a deadly era of trade, diplomacy, and warfare Which of the following statements accurately reflects one aspect of the principle of reciprocity? -Answer- A society had to maintain equilibrium and interdependence between individuals of unequal power and prestige Which family pattern was most common among North American Indian tribes? -AnswerExtended family Which of the following examples provides evidence of the sophistication of Hopewell culture? -Answer- Mounds containing enclosures What was the leading empire in West Africa in the 14th and early 15th centuries? - Answer- Mali When Columbus first encountered the Tainos, how did he react? -Answer- He concluded that they were simplistic innocents who could be Christianized How did Governor Francis Wyatt wage the Second Anglo-Powhatan War? -Answer- He used ruthless tactics like destroying food supplies and driving Indians from their homes during winter How did the Puritans want to reform the Church of England? -Answer- They wanted to purify it of Roman Catholic rituals What was the general social structure in European society in the sixteenth century? - Answer- Hierarchical Which of the following is NOT true about Native American religious beliefs at the point of the initial European contacts? -Answer- They believed that God had given humanity domination over nature Where was Mesoamerica? -Answer- Central and Southern Mexico and Central America Who broke with the Catholic Church and persuaded Parliament to create the Church of England? -Answer- Henry VIII Which of the following nations led the way in exploration in the fifteenth century? - Answer- Portugal What was one of the purposes of the settlement at Plymouth Plantation? -Answer- The settlers wanted to send back lumber, furs, and fish Which statement concerning New England wives is true? -Answer- They typically had no property rights independent of their husbands Which crop changed the British West Indies from a society of independent small landowners utilizing white servant labor to a society of large plantation owners utilizing black slave labor? -Answer- Sugar How did Bacon's Rebellion transform labor systems in Virginia? -Answer- It influenced planters to abandon indentured servants in favor of slaves Why did class tensions in the Chesapeake region lessen after 1690? -Answer- Poor whites shared a common interest with upper-class whites in maintaining social control over blacks.