Chapter 1 Organizing Themes in Development Outline I. Reflection and Action The Gap Between Science and Practice Box 1.1 – Examine Your Beliefs About Development II. A Historical Perspective on Developmental Theories Emphasizing Discontinuity: Classic Stage Theories Emphasizing Continuity: Incremental Change Classic Theories and the Major Issues They Raise III. Contemporary Multidimensional or Systems Theories: Embracing the Complexity of Development Applying Theory to Practice IV. A New Look at Three Developmental Issues Nature and Nurture Neuroplasticity and Critical (Sensitive) Periods Universality and Specificity: The Role of Culture V. Applications Some Rules of Thumb VI. Focus on Developmental Psychop