1. What is the primary function of a router in a network infrastructure? A) To provide a user interface B) To forward data packets based on their destination IP address C) To store data for network users D) To serve as a firewall Answer: B) To forward data packets based on their destination IP address Rationale: Routers are designed to connect multiple networks and forward data packets between them based on the destination IP address contained in the packet header. 2. Which component of a router is responsible for storing the operating system? A) RAM B) Flash memory C) ROM D) NVRAM Answer: B) Flash memory Rationale: Flash memory is used in routers to store the operating system and other software components because it retains data even when the power is turned off. 3. When configuring a router, what is the purpose of setting up an access control list (ACL)? A) To define which areas of the router can be accessed remotely B) To list the devices that are allowed to connect to the router C) To determine which packets are allowed or denied through the router D) To prioritize certain types of traffic over others Answer: C) To determine which packets are allowed or denied through the router Rationale: ACLs are used to provide a layer of security by controlling the flow of traffic into and out of the network, based on predefined rules. 4. In a subnetted network, what does the subnet mask determine? A) The number of available hosts per subnet B) The number of subnets within the network C) The physical layout of the network