SECTION 1: OVERVIEW OF THE LEARNING THEORY 1.1 This module introduces you to various learning theories. Name three learning theories and explain at least three key characteristics of each. (15) Hint: There are differences between learning theories, learning techniques, and instructional design models. Please be careful when answering this question. Three learning theories and their key characteristics are: Behaviorism: This theory focuses on the external behaviors that can be observed and measured. Key characteristics include: Learning is the result of stimuli-response associations. Reinforcement is used to strengthen desirable behavior and extinguish undesirable behavior. The learner is passive and responds to external factors. Cognitive Learning Theory: This theory emphasizes the mental processes involved in learning. Key characteristics include: Learning involves the acquisition and retention of knowledge. Learners actively process information through their sensory and perceptual systems. Learning is facilitated by prior knowledge and meaningful connections. Constructivism: This theory focuses on the active construction of knowledge by learners. Key characteristics include: Learning is a dynamic process that involves the construction of new knowledge based on prior experiences and interactions. Learners actively construct their understanding of the world through interactions with others and the environment.