1. A 25-year-old female athlete wants to increase her

muscle mass and strength. She follows a balanced diet that

provides 50% of her calories from carbohydrates, 25%

from protein and 25% from fat. She exercises for an hour

every day, alternating between aerobic and resistance

training. What is the recommended amount of protein

intake for her per day?

a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight.

b) 1.2 g/kg of body weight.

c) 1.6 g/kg of body weight.*

d) 2.0 g/kg of body weight.

Rationale: According to the International Society of Sports

Nutrition, athletes who engage in resistance training may

benefit from consuming 1.2 to 2.0 g of protein per kg of

body weight per day, depending on their training intensity,

frequency and duration. For a female athlete who wants to

increase her muscle mass and strength, the optimal range is

likely to be closer to the upper end of this spectrum, around

1.6 g/kg of body weight per day. This amount of protein

intake can help stimulate muscle protein synthesis, prevent

muscle breakdown and support recovery . Therefore,

option c is the correct answer.

2. A 40-year-old male office worker has been diagnosed

with type 2 diabetes mellitus. He is overweight and has a

family history of cardiovascular disease. His doctor has

advised him to follow a low-carbohydrate diet that limits

his intake of refined grains, added sugars and starchy