IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL EXAM| 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS| 2023-2024 UPDATE |A GRADED While examining a sample of muscle tissue under a microscope, you notice that the cells are multinucleated. They are long, unbranched, striated, and contain a developed transverse tubule system. Which muscle type does this sample contain? - ANSWERskeletal muscle When K+ and Cl- meet, they will - ANSWER- from KCL with an ionic bond Myelin - ANSWER- consists of layers of lipids and proteins that wrap around an axon. The functional unit of muscle contraction is - ANSWER- the sarcomere The color receptors in the retina are most sensitive to light waves that are - ANSWERred, green, and blue The act of closing the fingers to make a fist is an example of what type of joint movement (at the interphalangeal joints)? - ANSWER- flexion Cell membranes are described as a fluid mosaic that maintains stability while still allowing movement. What component maintains most of the flexibility of the membrane? - ANSWER- phospholipid bilayer A mutation can cause disease if - ANSWER- the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that affects the encoded protein's functioning. When the body is placed in the anatomical position, which of the following is not true? - ANSWER- The palms are facing backward. Stereoscopic vision results when the - ANSWER- images in the eyes are different Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus? - ANSWER- control of postural reflexes During metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes first condense and become visible when stained and viewed under a microscope. - ANSWER- false A soldier suffers a brain injury, and becomes unable to speak. The damage is likely in - ANSWER- Broca's area Rotation of the forearms so the palms face upward is called pronation. - ANSWERfalse The origin of the term "anatomy" is related to - ANSWER- the Greek word for "cutting up." The muscle that adducts and flexes the arm is the - ANSWER- coracobrachialis A motor unit is - ANSWER- a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates If a person contracted meningitis (an inflammation of the meninges due to infection), which specific nervous structures would be inflamed and swollen? - ANSWER- The pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater The central nervous system (CNS) consists of - ANSWER- brain and spinal cord Treatment for a cataract is usually removal of the - ANSWER- lens The genetic code is - ANSWER- the correspondence between a sequence of three DNA nucleotides and a specific amino acid. Myofibrils are composed primarily of - ANSWER- actin and myosin Transverse tubules - ANSWER- transmit muscle impulses into the cell interior. A ball-and-socket joint is also called an ellipsoidal joint. - ANSWER- false The soft part of the nose and the supporting rings of the respiratory passages are composed of fibrocartilage. - ANSWER- false Every neuron has - ANSWER- cell body Transmitting an impulse from one neuron to another involves a(n) - ANSWER- impulse stimulating a presynaptic axon to release a neurotransmitter into a synaptic cleft. Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA, but not RNA? - ANSWER- thymine DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. - ANSWER- true In an ionic bond - ANSWER- oppositely charged atoms attract. Which of the following processes is most important to the continuation of the human species? - ANSWER- reproduction The __________ separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. - ANSWER- transverse fissure pain receptors - ANSWER- respond to factors that can damage tissue