A 5-month-old child is given honey at breakfast and begins showing symptoms

consistent with botulism. Would the child's illness be classified as foodborne, infant or

wound botulism? - CORRECT ANSWER: Infant. Although food (honey) is consumed,

foodborne botulism is derived from improperly canned, low acid foods under anaerobic

conditions. Such conditions were not described. No puncture wounds or injuries were

described, ruling out wound. The child is suffering from infant botulism, as honey is a

potential carrier of clostridium. The intestinal track of young children is still developing

and clostridium is able to colonize and produce the associated toxin.

A facultative anaerobe is a microorganism capable of growth under what conditions?

(short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER: A facultative anaerobe is capable of growth

under aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions

As Streptococcus is catalase negative would it thrive or die in the presence of

peroxides? Why? (short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER: Streptococcus would not

survive in the presence of peroxides—it is unable to breakdown peroxides (catalase

negative). Left unchecked, peroxides would damage the cellular integrity of Strep

causing lysis/cell death.

Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER: Adhesin factors are used to bind to a particular

host tissues

Chlamydia symptoms if left untreated - CORRECT ANSWER: Infertility and pelvic

inflammatory disease

Define commensal bacteria (short answer) (know term and definition first) - CORRECT

ANSWER: The bacterium neither harms nor benefits from the host from which it obtains

nutrients

Define the concept of universal precautions (short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER:

Universal precautions means any and all samples, whether known or unknown, are to

be treated as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials

Describe the symptoms and treatment regimen for someone infected with Clostridium

pefringens (short answer) - CORRECT ANSWER: Clostridium perfringens presents with

muscle necrosis, swelling of infected areas, fever, and intense gas production.

Treatment entails removal of all infected tissue, often resulting in amputation of the

affected areas, in conjunction with heavy antibiotic therpies

Entry - CORRECT ANSWER: Mucus membranes are used to gain access to a hosts

tissues