Midterm Exam: NR569/ NR 569 (Latest 2023/ 2024 Update) Differential Diagnosis in Acute Care Practicum Exam Review| 100% Correct- Chamberlain

Midterm Exam: NR569/ NR 569 (Latest

2023/ 2024 Update) Differential Diagnosis in

Acute Care Practicum Exam Review| 100%

Correct- Chamberlain

Q: Attributes of a Symptoms

Answer:

● Location

● Quality

● Quantity or severity

● Timing including:

● Onset

● Duration

● Frequency

● Modifying factors

● Associated Manifestations- other s/s that occur when he problem, symptom or pain occurs.

Q: Mnemonic for characterizing the Chief complaint

Answer:

OLDCARTS

● Onset

● Location

● Duration

● Character

● Aggravating or Alleviating Factors

● Radiation

● Timing

● Setting

Q: Pertinent Positives

Answer:

symptoms or signs that you would expect to find if a possible cause for a patient's problem were

true, which then supports this diagnosis

Q: pertinent negatives

Answer:

expected s/s that are not present, facts that you would expect to find if a possible cause for a

patients problem were true, which then weakens the diagnosis by their absence

Q: Review of Systems categories

Answer:

● general

● skin

● HEENT

● Neck

● Breast

● Respiratory

● Cardiovascular

● GI

● GU

● Genital

● Musculoskeletal

● Psychiatric

● Neurologic

● Hematologic

● Endocrine

Q: Differential Diagnosis (DDx)

Answer:

A DDx is the ability to distinguish a disease or condition from others that present with similar

sing, symptoms or diagnostic test results

Q: How to build a DDx

Answer:

1. list your top dx first followed by other potential dx for a specific problem, but keep it problem

oriented until you have the actual dx.

2. Aggressively prioritize workup of the most likely and most harmful dx under consideration.

3. prioritize the workup of acute and reversible diseases followed by chronic and irreversible.

4. As info or data the effectively rules out a particular dx, remove that dx from the list and focus

your attention towards the remaining possibilities.

5. once the dx has been confirmed, the problem list should be diagnosis oriented rather than

problem oriented.

●if the pt were to not respond to the tx, the pt should be re-evaluate the pt, review diagnostic data

and finally provide a summary of key data to ensure that the diagnosis is indeed correct.

Q: Likelihood Ratios

Answer:

Likelihood ratios are more helpful to make clinical decisions than sensitivty and specificity. For

a given dx test, positive likelihood ratio apply to positive results; negative likelihood ratios apply

to negative results

Q: Positive likelihood ratio

Answer:

is the likelihood that a pt with the disease test positive compared to the likelihood that a patient

without the disease test positive.

●if a test result is positive and the positive likelihood is >1, then it is more likely than chance that

the pt has the disease. However, if the likelihood ratio for that test is <1>

the pt has the disease.

Q: Negative Likelihood Ratio

Answer: