1. What are the four main types of professional writing in nursing? Explain each type briefly and give an example of when it is used. - Answer: The four main types of professional writing in nursing are: academic writing, clinical writing, research writing, and administrative writing. Academic writing is used to communicate scholarly knowledge and ideas, such as essays, reports, literature reviews, and case studies. Clinical writing is used to document patient care and outcomes, such as nursing notes, care plans, discharge summaries, and incident reports. Research writing is used to disseminate findings and evidence from nursing studies, such as journal articles, posters, abstracts, and proposals. Administrative writing is used to manage and organize nursing activities and resources, such as policies, protocols, memos, and emails. - Rationale: This question assesses the students' knowledge of the different purposes and contexts of professional writing in nursing. 2. What are the three main components of the PIE (Point-Illustration-Explanation) method for paragraph development? How does this method help to create clear and coherent paragraphs? - Answer: The three main components of the PIE method are: point, illustration, and explanation. The point is the main idea or claim of the paragraph, usually expressed in a topic sentence. The illustration is the evidence or example that supports the point, such as a quotation, statistic, or observation. The explanation is the analysis or interpretation that connects the illustration to the point, showing how and why the evidence is relevant. This method helps to create clear and coherent paragraphs by providing a logical structure and flow of information. - Rationale: This question assesses the students' understanding of the PIE method and its benefits for paragraph development. 3. What are some strategies to avoid plagiarism in academic writing? Why is plagiarism considered a serious academic offense? - Answer: Some strategies to avoid plagiarism in academic writing are: citing sources properly using a consistent referencing style, paraphrasing or summarizing information in your own words, using quotation marks for direct quotes, acknowledging the original source of ideas or arguments, and checking your work for unintentional plagiarism using a plagiarism detection tool. Plagiarism is considered a serious academic offense because it violates the principles of academic integrity and honesty, which are essential for maintaining the quality and credibility of scholarly work. - Rationale: This question assesses the students' awareness of plagiarism and its consequences, as well as their ability to apply ethical practices in academic writing